If
and wish
sentences (past)
(a)
Изучите следующую ситуацию:
Last
month Mary didn't feel well. Ted didn't know this, so
he didn't go to see her. After Mary got better they
met again.
Ted
said:
-
If I had known
that you were
ill, I
would have visited
you. |
В прошлом
месяце Мэри плохо
себя чувствовала.
Тэд не знал
об этом, поэтому не навестил
ее.
Они
встретились снова, когда Мэри
выздоровела.
Тэд говорит:
If
I had known... (Если
бы я знал) |
Когда
вы говорите о прошлом,
используйте past
perfect (I
had done/I had been/I had known
и т.д.) после if.
-
If
I had known you were in Paris, I
would have shown you
the city.
(но я не видел тебя)
-
I
would have gone out with you if
I hadn't had so
much work.
(но у меня было
слишком много работы)
-
If
he had been looking where he was
going, he wouldn't have walked
into the
wall.
(но он не был внимательным)
Никогда не
употребляйте would
(have) в условной
(if)
части предложения:
-
If
I had met you yesterday, I would
have invited you
to the party.
(а не `if I would have
met')
Как would
так и had
могут быть сокращены до 'd:
-
If I'd
met (=
had
met)
you, I'd
have invited (= would
have invited) you
to the party
(b)
Вы также должны использовать past
perfect (I
had done) после wish,
когда вы сожалеете о
чем-то, что случилось (или не
случилось) в прошлом:
-
I wish I had known that Tim was ill. I would have come to see
him.
(I didn't know that he was ill.)
-
I feel sick. I wish I hadn't eaten fish for dinner. (I
ate fish.)
-
Do you wish you had studied maths instead of languages?
(You didn't study maths.)
-
The weather was terrible. We wish it had been warmer. (It
wasn't warm.)
Никогда не
используйте would
have после wish:
-
We wish it had
been warmer.
(не `would have been')
(c)
Would
have (done) - это
форма прошедшего времени
от would
(do):
-
If she had gone to the party yesterday, she
would be tired now.
(она не
усталая сейчас - present.)
-
If she had gone to the party yesterday, she
would have seen us.
(она не
видела нас - past.)
Вместо would
have можно
использовать might
have и could
have:
-
If we'd trained harder, we might
have won.
(= perhaps we would have won)
-
We could
have gone out if it hadn't been
raining. (= we would
have been able to go out)
|