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Preposition
+ -ing
(a)
Если глагол
следует за предлогом
in
at with about и т.д.,
то он
оканчивается на -ing.
Рассмотрим
примеры:
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Are
you interested
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in
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working
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for
us?
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I'm
fed up
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at
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learning
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languages.
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I'm
not very good
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with
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studying.
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The
children are excited
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about
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going
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on
holiday.
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What
are the advantages
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of
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having
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a
car?
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This
knife is only
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for
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cutting
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bread.
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John
went to work
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in
spite of
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feeling
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ill.
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I
bought a new bicycle
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instead
of
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going
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away
on holiday.
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(b)
Можно
употреблять -ing
с before
и after:
-
Before
going
out I phoned Ann.
You can also say:
`Before I went
out I...'
-
What did you do after
leaving
school?
You can also say:
`... after you left
school?'
(c)
Вы можете
употребить by
-ing, чтобы
сказать, как
что-то случилось:
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They got into the house by
breaking
a kitchen window and climbing in.
-
You can improve your English by
doing
a lot of reading.
(d)
После
without
тоже можно использовать
-ing:
-
Tom left without
finishing
his dinner.
-
She ran five miles without
stopping.
-
He climbed through the window without
anybody seeing
him.
(или
`... without
being
seen.')
-
She needs to work without
people disturbing
her.
(или `... without being
disturbed.')
-
It's nice to go on holiday without
having
to worry about money.
(e)
To
- обычно часть
неопределенной формы (infinitive).
Например:
-
They decided to
go out.
-
I want to
play tennis.
Но to
также является
и предлогом.
Примеры:
-
Tom went to
London.
-
He gave the book to
Ann.
-
I prefer cities to
the countryside.
-
I'm looking forward
to the week-end.
Если за
предлогом следует глагол, он
оканчивается на
-ing
(см. раздел
a). Поэтому, если
to
- предлог и
за ним следует глагол, надо
говорить to
-ing. Например:
-
I prefer cycling to
driving (а
не `to drive')
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I'm looking forward to
seeing
Ann again. (а не `to
see')
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