Phrasal
verbs (get
up, break
down, fill
in etc.)
(a)
Глаголы часто употребляют
со следующими словами:
on
off in out up down away back
over
about round forward through along
Мы часто употребляем следующие
слова с глаголами движения.
Например:
get
on
The bus was full. We couldn't get
on.
drive
off
She got into the car and drove
off.
come
back Tom
is leaving tomorrow and coming
back on Saturday.
turn
round When
I touched him on the shoulder, he turned
round.
Однако часто эти
слова (on/off/up/down
и т.д.) изменяют
смысл глагола.
Например:
-
Sorry I'm late. The car broke
down.
-
Look
out! There's a
car coming.
-
It was my first flight. I was very nervous as the plane
took
off.
-
I was so tired this morning that I couldn't get
up.
-
How did you get
on in your examination
yesterday?
Такие словосочетания
(break
down/get
up/get
on..) являются
фразеологическими
глаголами.
(b)
Иногда
фразеологические глаголы имеют дополнение.
Обычно возможны две
позиции этих дополнений.
Так, можно сказать:
дополнение
дополнение
I
turned
off
the light. или
I turned
the light off.
Вот еще несколько примеров:
-
Could you
|
fill
in
this form?
fill
this form in?
|
-
It's warm.
|
Take
off
your coat.
Take
your coat off.
|
-
The fire-brigade soon arrived and
|
put
out
the fire.
put
the fire out.
|
-
I think I'll
|
throw
away
these old newspapers.
throw
these old newspapers away.
|
-
The police got into the house by
|
breaking
down the
door.
breaking
the door down.
|
Иногда дополнением к фразеологическому
глаголу является
местоимение
(it/them/me/you/him/her/us).
Такие местоимения
стоят перед
on off in out up
down и т.д.:
-
They gave me a form and told me to fill
it in. (но
не `fill
in it')
-
Ann's asleep. Don't wake
her up. (но
не `wake
up her')
-
`What shall I do with these old newspapers?' `Throw
them away.'
-
Here's the money you need. Don't forget to pay
me back.
(c)
Иногда
употребляют конструкцию фразеологический
глагол + предлог.
Например:look
forward to /
keep
up with/
cut
down on.
Дополнение всегда
ставится после
предлога:
-
Are you looking
forward to your
holiday?
-
You're walking too fast. I can't keep
up with you.
-
Jack has cut
down on smoking.
He only smokes five cigarettes a day now.
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