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Relative
clauses (2)
cluses
with
or without who/that
(a)
Взгляните еще раз на примеры:
-
The man who
lived next door was a sailor.
(или `that
lived')
-
Where are the eggs that
were in the fridge?
(или `which
were')
В
этих предложениях who
и
that являются ПОДЛЕЖАЩИМИ,
сказуемые которых находятся в уточняющей части предложения:
мужчина живет по-соседству, яйца были в холодильнике.
В этих предложениях
who
или that
нельзя опускать.
Иногда
who
и that
являются ДОПОЛНЕНИЯМИ при глаголах
в уточняющей части предложения:
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the
man - I wanted to see him
- was away
on holiday
-
The man who
(или
that)
I wanted to see was
away on holiday.
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have
you found the keys? - you lost them
-
Have you found the keys that
you lost?
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Когда who
или that
являются глагольными дополнениями
в уточняющей части предложения, тогда вы можете их опускать:
-
The
man I wanted to see was
away on holiday.
(но не `The man
I wanted to see him
was away on holiday.')
-
Have you found the
keys you lost?
(но не `Have you
found the keys you lost them?')
-
The
work Fred did was not difficult.
(= the work that
Fred did)
-
The
man Jess is going to marry
is Italian.
(= the man who/that
Jess
is going to marry)
- Is there anything
I can do? (= is there anything that
I can do?)
(b)
В относительных придаточных предложениях часто употребляются
предлоги (in/at/with
и т.д.). Рассмотрите
положение этих предлогов в следующих предложениях:
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do
you know the girl? - Tom is talking to
her
-
Do you know the girl (who/that)
Tom is talking
to
?
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the
bed - I slept in
it last night - wasn't very comfortable
-
The bed (that)
I slept
in
last night
wasn't very comfortable.
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-
The man (who/that)
I sat next to on the plane
was very strange.
-
Are these the letters (that)
you couldn't find?
-
The girl (who/that)
he fell in love with
lives in Pensacola.
(c)
What
не
употребляется вместо that:
-
Everything (that)
he promised
was done.
(а не `everything
what he
promised')
-
I gave her all
the love (that)
I had.
(а не `all ... what I had')
What
=
the thing(s) that:
-
Will he do what
I said?
(= the words that I said)
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No-one will learn what
has happened.
(= the thing that has happened)
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